Berpikir Matematis Siswa SMA Dalam Menyelesaikan Masalah Sosio-Ekologis Ditinjau dari Self-Efficacy
Abstract
Perkembangan paradigma matematika menekankan pentingnya berpikir matematis siswa dalam menghadapi kompleksitas persoalan kehidupan nyata, salah satunya masalah sosio-ekologis. Namun, kajian yang memadukan berpikir matematis, konteks sosio-ekologis, dan self-efficacy melalui pendekatan kualitatif masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan secara mendalam bagaimana berpikir matematis siswa SMA dalam menyelesaikan masalah berbasis isu sosio-ekologis ditinjau dari tingkat self-efficacy. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 6 siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 14 Surabaya yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, yang terbagi ke dalam tiga kelompok tingkat self-efficacy (tinggi, sedang, dan rendah), masing-masing sebanyak 2 siswa. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui angket self-efficacy, tes berpikir matematis sosio-ekologis, dan wawancara berbasis tugas. Data dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis kualitatif model Miles dan Huberman, meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, serta penarikan kesimpulan dan verifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat self-efficacy berbanding lurus dengan kualitas dan ketahanan berpikir matematis siswa pada tahapan entry, attack, dan review. Siswa dengan self-efficacy tinggi mampu bernalar secara mandiri, fleksibel, serta reflektif saat menghadapi ketidakpastian data lingkungan. Sebaliknya, siswa dengan self-efficacy sedang dan rendah cenderung mengalami hambatan kognitif, bergantung pada interaksi sosial, serta kurang melakukan verifikasi solusi terhadap konteks sosio-ekologis. Self-efficacy terbukti berfungsi sebagai regulator afektif yang menentukan sejauh mana siswa dapat menghubungkan model matematis dengan solusi persoalan lingkungan yang nyata.
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